Examining the Role of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation and Work Environment on Academician Job Performance at Malaysian Public Universities

The performance of academicians at public institutions is essential for institutional growth, impacting not only teaching quality but also research productivity, student engagement, and overall academic reputation. The main objective of this research is to study the effect of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and work environment on academicians' job performance at public universities in Malaysia. The inconsistency of findings in past literature between the independent variables has prompted researchers to explain the inconsistency. The survey questionnaire was distributed online to academic staff of northern region public universities. The model was tested utilising Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) using data that was collected from 212 academicians from northern region public universities. The results show that intrinsic and extrinsic motivation has a significant relationship with academicians' job performance, while work environment is found to be insignificant in academicians' job performance. This study contributes to public universities building comprehensive motivating methods that meet intrinsic and extrinsic demands and optimize the work environment to improve job satisfaction and productivity among academicians.