A Review on Agricultural Development and Irrigation Facilities after the Formation of Telangana State

This paper focuses mainly on the irrigation facilities provided by the government after the formation of Telangana State. Telangana, formed in 2014, is the youngest state in India. Agriculture remains the main source of income, with more than half of the population directly or indirectly dependent on it for their livelihood. To support this sector, the government has introduced numerous schemes aimed at agricultural development. The state’s farmer-friendly policies, adoption of modern technologies, and investment in infrastructure have significantly transformed its agricultural landscape. A major focus has been on expanding and modernizing irrigation facilities to reduce dependency on rain-fed agriculture and over-exploited groundwater sources. However, much of the recent growth in irrigation has come from the expansion of well irrigation through private investments, which poses risks to groundwater sustainability. In response, the government launched Mission Kakatiya, a flagship program aimed at rejuvenating traditional irrigation tanks to enhance groundwater recharge and provide sustainable water sources. Irrigation plays a crucial role in agricultural development by ensuring a constant and reliable water supply to farms. Nearly 60% of Telangana’s population depends on agriculture and allied activities, making it a vital sector for both livelihood and economic stability. Recognizing the need to diversify rural employment, the government has also promoted skill development and supported rural non-farm sectors, such as industries under programs like MGNREGP, ATMA, Raithu Bandu, Rythu Bheema.